Two‐sided turbulent surface‐layer parameterizations for computing air–sea fluxes

Standard methods for determining air ‐ sea fluxes typically rely on bulk algorithms set in the frame of Monin‐Obukhov stability theory (MOST), using ocean surface fields and atmosphere near‐surface fields. In context coupled simulations, shallowest vertical level is usually used as input by default, turbulent closure one‐sided: it extrapolates solution profiles (for wind speed, temperature humidity) to prescribed values. Using ones equivalent considering that layer, are constant instead also being determined a closure. Here we introduce method extending existing parameterizations two‐sided framework explicitely including layer within aforementioned parameterizations. The formalism use this derived from classical closures, so our novelties can easily be implemented formulations. Special care taken ensure smoothness resulting profiles. Other physical phenomena, such penetration radiative formation waves, then included formalism, their effects assessed. We investigate impact formulations evaluated setting similar those simulations.